{"id":8955,"date":"2025-03-11T19:18:04","date_gmt":"2025-03-11T16:18:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/?p=8955"},"modified":"2025-03-11T19:18:04","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T16:18:04","slug":"%d8%aa%d9%8e%d9%86%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%81-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b1%d8%a2%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/?p=8955","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u064e\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u064e\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a<\/span><\/em><\/strong>
\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u064a\u064f\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0644\u064c \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641) \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0627: \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u061f \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    • \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0651\u064d \u0645\u064f\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 (\u0643\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 “\u0645\u0644\u0643”).<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n
    • \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064c \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u00a0\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0649\u060c \u062c12\u060c \u0635101).<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n
      1. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \n
        • \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 (\u0643\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 1) \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0630\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a (D\u00e9roche, 1992).<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \n
            • \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                \n
              1. \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0643\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064d \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  \n
                • \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0621) \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n
                • \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a (Al-Azami, 2003).<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                    \n
                  1. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                      \n
                    • \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0641)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062c2\u060c \u0635117).<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u061f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                          \n
                        • \u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631: 9) \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                            \n
                          1. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                              \n
                            • \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a (\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0637” \u0648”\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0637”) (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062c1\u060c \u0635378).<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                \n
                              1. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                  \n
                                • \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a):\u00a0\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n
                                • \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d\u00a0) :\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                  \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  1. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                      \n
                                    • \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u064f\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064d \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b (Sadeghi & Goudarzi, 2012).<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n
                                    • \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a (\u0643\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u0644\u0631) \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0645\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u062d\u0636 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Schuler, 2010).<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                        \n
                                      1. \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                          \n
                                        • \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 (\u0643\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062c1\u060c \u0635256).<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                          \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                          \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064c \u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a” \u0648”\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a” \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                          \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                            \n
                                          • \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. (1995).\u00a0\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0649. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n
                                          • \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646. (2006).\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n
                                          • \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0643\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646. (1994).\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n
                                          • D\u00e9roche, F. (1992).\u00a0The Abbasid Tradition: Qur\u2019ans of the 8th to 10th Centuries. Nour Foundation.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n
                                          • \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2001).\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n
                                          • Sadeghi, B. & Goudarzi, M. (2012). \u201c\u1e62an\u2018\u0101\u2019 1 and the Origins of the Qur\u2019\u0101n.\u201d\u00a0Der Islam.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n
                                          • Schuler, G. (2010).\u00a0The Arabic Script: Its Development and Variations. Oxford University Press.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                             <\/p>\n

                                             <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                            \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u064e\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":503,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,3],"tags":[],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-8955","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-21","category-3"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8955","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8955"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8955\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8956,"href":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8955\/revisions\/8956"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/503"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8955"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8955"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8955"},{"taxonomy":"post_folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/samerislamboli.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fpost_folder&post=8955"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}